Coke oven door



COKE OVEN DOOR Filed March 6, 1965 INVENTORS EARL 4: #487444 a BY #044,480 a JOl/NSO/V (free var United States Patent 3,298,930 COKE OVEN DOOR Earl C. Hartman and Millard B. Johnson, Pittsburgh, Pa., assignors to Harbison-Walker Refractories Company, Pittsburgh, Pa., a corporation of Pennsylvania Filed Mar. 6, 1963, Ser. No. 263,339 4 Claims. (Cl. 202-248) This invention relates to the construction of coke oven doors. In a particular embodiment, the invention relates to prefabricated, reinforced refractory and metal sections or plugs, which are used to make the liner of a coke oven door.

' It has been conventional to build up a coke oven door liner from a plurality of small refractory brick or shapes. The shapes are bound together by some manner of metal reinforcing. See, for example, the United States patent to Beimann, No. 2,126,239. It has also been suggested that the liner can be made by molding refractory monolith material about or Within a metal structure. See, for example, the United States patent to Potter, No. 2,195,840.

Most of these prior coke oven door structures have been characterized by great weight of metal backup sections and reinforcing, and undesirable complexity in the manner in which refractory and metal are joined. Also, due to the "inherent weight of these structures and their components, difficulty is encountered in handling them.

Accordingly, it is an object of this invention to provide improved coke oven door construction, which is lighter than previous comparable structures, and the components of which are easily handled and moved about.

Briefly, according to one aspect of this invention, a coke oven door is comprised of a door frame, an elongate metal plate attached to the door frame, and a plurality of prefabricated reinforced refractory plugs which are releasa'bly attached to the plate. Each of the plugs is comprised of a small metal plate having a mass of monolithic refractory material secured to one face. The mass of refractory material is secured to the plate by a plurality of spaced anchors. Each of the anchors includes a plurality of arms, which maintain a firm purchase on the refractory material. Further, each plug includes integral handle means to facilitate movement thereof.

A better understanding, other objects and further features and advantages of coke oven door construction, according to this invention, will be had from a study of the following detailed description with reference to the drawings. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a fragmentary sectional side elevation of coke oven door construction according to the invention;

FIG. 2 is a front elevation of a coke oven door accord ing to the invention; and

FIG. 3 is an alternative construction according to the invention.

Before describing the drawings, it should be understood they are but exemplary of the best mode presently known for the practice of the invention, but that the true measure of the spirit and scope of the invention is as defined in the claims.

Coke ovens are conventional and, therefore, detailed showing thereof or explanation of their construction is not set forth herein. Normally, an elongate opening or slot 11 is formed through an end wall 12 of the oven. The closure 15 of this invention is arranged to close the slot 11. This closure includes a cast metal door frame 16 of a conventional type which is the primary reinforcing or support for the closure. An elongate plate 17 is securely fastened to the frame 1.6 by the nut and bolt arrangements 18. Plate 17 is wider and longer than the slot, so it may seat on the slot lip 19. A plurality of prefabricated reinforced refractory plugs 20 are positioned and held substantially centrally along the face 21 of the plate 17 (see FIG. 2).

Each plug includes a backup plate 25, which is maintained in spaced parallel relation to face 21 of plate 17 by the spacers 26. These spacers may be simply apertured collars through which pass the bolts 27. A plurality of spaced anchors 30 is secured to each plate 25. These anchors are made of steel wire or rod and include a base 31 and a plurality of outwardly diverging arms 32. Each base 31 is secured to a plate 25 as by the nut and bolt arrangement 33. At least one of the arms (arm 35 in FIG. 1) of at least one of the anchors 30 has an end which extends beyond the mass of refractory material 34. This extending end 40 is bent to form a hook or loop, through which a cable or the like may be passed for lifting the entire plug structure when moving it from place to place.

The refractory material 34 is very important. It must be non-basic and coarsely size graded. A preferred mixture, according to this invention, consists of coarsely size graded high duty fireclay brick bats and finely divided calcium aluminate cement. A suitable calcium aluminate cement has the following typical chemical analysis (by weight and on an oxide basis):

Percent Silica (SiO 9.8 Alumina (A1 0 42.0 Iron Oxide (Fe O 5.0 Iron (FeO) 4.5 Lime (CaO) 37.6 Magnesia (MgO) 1.1 Sulfite (S0 0.16

Ingnition loss Suitable fire clay has the following typical chemical analysis (by weight and on an oxide basis):

Percent Silica (SiO 54.0 Alumina (A1 0 41.4 Titania (TiO 1.8 Iron Oxide (Fe O 1.5 Lime (CaO) 0.1 Magnesia (MgO) 0.1 Alkalies 0.8

Ingnition loss A preferred coarse size grading is as follows: pass 1 and rest on 3 mesh, 20 to 25%; total on 10 mesh, 40 to 50% 35 to 45% passing a 65 mesh screen; the remainder being 10-1-65 mesh. The calcium aluminate cement is substantially all in the 65 mesh fraction. All percentages are by weight. Mesh sizes are Tyler series.

In FIG. 3, an alternative construction is shown. Like numerals are used to designate like parts in FIGS. 2 and 3. The anchors of FIG. 3 include a base 40, similar to the base 31 of FIG. 1. However, its arms 45 are bent to a sinuous form. This sinuous configuration assures better purchase 011 the refractory material 34.

The arrangement of spaced reinforcing anchors, which this invention utilizes, provides adequate strength with considerably less Weight, as compared to many prior constructions. The concept of an integral manipulating handle facilitates maneuvering of the plugs. It is quite important that the manipulating handle be secured to the metal backup and reinforcing, and not to the refractory alone. The extending portion 40 is usually cut off after assembly of the plugs on the door frame.

Having thus described the invention in detail and With sufficient particularity as to enable those skilled in the art to practice it, what is desired to have protected by Letters Patent is set forth in the following claims.

We claim:

1. A prefabricated, reinforced refractory plug construction for closing an elongate coke oven door opening comprising, a coke oven door frame, an elongate metal plate which is wider and longer than the coke oven door open- Patented Jan. 17, 1967 ing, said plate attached along one face to said door frame, a plurality of smaller metal plates which are approximately as wide as the door opening so that these plates may be received within the opening, a plurality of fastening means and a plurality of spacing means, the fastening means maintaining the smaller metal plates substantially centrally along and parallel to the otherface of the elongate plate, the spacing means maintaining a gap between the elongate plate and the smaller plates, each of the smaller plates having a reinforced, precast monolithic refractory plug secured to its outer face, the refractory plugs being secured to respective smaller metal plates by a plurality of spaced anchors, each anchor including a base and a plurality of forwardly-extending rod-like arms, said arms characterized by outward divergence from the base to thereby engage the refractory plug material in which they are embedded, said arms being joined at a said base, each base being attached to one of the smaller metal plates, an end of at least one arm of at least one anchor in each of the plugs extending from the plug, the end including lifting means whereby to move the plug and the smaller plate to which it is attached, the plug being made of a coarsely size graded refractory mixture, said mixture consisting essentially of coarsely ground fire clay and relatively finely divided calcium aluminate cement.

2. The prefabricated refractory plug construction of claim 1 in which the lifting means is a loop formed in the end of the anchor arm which extends beyond the plug and in which there is one such loop for each plug which loop is substantially centrally disposed on the outer face of the plug.

3. A prefabricated, reinforced refractory plug construction for closing an elongate coke oven door opening comprising, a coke oven door frame, an elongate metal plate which is wider and longer than the coke oven door open- 4 ing, said plate attached along one face to said door frame, a plurality of smaller metal plates which are approximately as'wide as the door opening so that these plates may be received within the opening, a plurality of fastening means and a plurality of spacing means, the fastening means maintaining the smaller metal plates substantially centrally along and parallel to the other face of the elongate plate, the spacing means maintaining a gap between the elongate plate and the smaller plates, each of the smaller plates having a reinforced, precast monolithic refractory plug secured to its outer face, the refractoryplugs being secured to respective smaller metal plates by a plurality of spaced anchors, each anchor including a base and a plurality of forwardly-extending rod-like arms, said arms characterized by outward divergence from the base to thereby engage-the refractory plug material in which they are embedded, said arms being joined at a said base, each base being attached to one of the smaller metal plates, the plug being made of a coarsely size graded refractory mixture.

4. The prefabricated refractory plug construction of claim 3 in which the anchor arms are bent to a sinuous configuration 7 References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,460,828 7/1923 Schafer 202-250X 1,703,656 2/1929 Betts.

1,934,438 11/1933 Macchi 173 3,015,614 1/1962 Bowman 202-248 FOREIGN PATENTS 718,683 3/1942 Germany.

MORRIS O. WOLK, Primary Examiner.

JOSEPH SCOVRONEK, Examiner. 

3. A PREFABRICATED, REINFORCED REFRACTORY PLUG CONSTRUCTION FOR CLOSING AN ELONGATE COKE OVEN DOOR OPENING COMPRISING, A COKE OVEN DOOR FRAME, AN ELONGATE METAL PLATE WHICH IS WIDER AND LONGER THAN THE COKE OVEN DOOR OPENING, SAID PLATE ATTACHED ALONG ONE FACE TO SAID DOOR FRAME, A PLURALITY OF SMALLER METAL PLATES WHICH ARE APPROXIMATELY AS WIDE AS THE DOOR OPENING SO THAT THESE PLATES MAY BE RECEIVED WITHIN THE OPENING, A PLURALITY OF FASTENING MEANS AND A PLURALITY OF SPACING MEANS, THE FASTENING MEANS MAINTAINING THE SMALLER METAL PLATES SUBSTANTIALLY CENTRALLY ALONG AND PARALLEL TO THE OTHER FACE OF THE ELONGATE PLATE, THE SPACING MEANS MAINTAINGING A GAP BETWEEN THE ELONGATE PLATE AND THE SMALLER PLATES, EACH OF THE SMALLER PLATES HAVING A REINFORCED, PRECAST MONOLITHIC REFRACTORY PLUG SECURED TO ITS OUTER FACE, THE REFRACTORY PLUGS BEING SECURED TO RESPECTIVE SMALLER METAL PLATES BY A PLURALITY OF SPACED ANCHORS, EACH ANCHOR INCLUDING A BASE AND A PLURALITY OF FORWARDLY-EXTENDING ROD-LIKE ARMS, SAID ARMS CHARACTERIZED BY OUTWARD DIVERGENCE FROM THE BASE TO THEREBY ENGAGE THE REFRACTORY PLUG MATERIAL IN WHICH THEY ARE EMBEDDED, SAID ARMS BEING JOINED AT A SAID BASE, EACH BASE BEING ATTACHED TO ONE OF THE SMALLER METAL PLATES, THE PLUG BEING MADE OF A COARSELY SIZE GRADED REFRACTORY MIXTURE. 